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HTTP 413 Content Too Large: What It Means and When You See It

Quick Answer

HTTP 413 Content Too Large means the request body is larger than the server is willing or able to process. Common when uploading files that exceed the server limit.

Why HTTP 413 Occurs

HTTP 413 Content Too Large (formerly "Request Entity Too Large") means the uploaded file or request body exceeds the server's limit. Common in file uploads, large JSON payloads, and batch API requests. Default limits: nginx 1MB (client_max_body_size), Express 100kb (json() middleware), and most cloud functions 6-10MB. The Retry-After header is not typically used - the client must reduce the request size.

Fixing HTTP 413 Errors

For servers (nginx): set client_max_body_size 50m in the server block. Express.js: app.use(express.json({ limit: "10mb" })). Next.js API routes: export const config = { api: { bodyParser: { sizeLimit: "10mb" } } }. For clients: compress files before upload, split large payloads into smaller chunks, or use multipart upload (S3, GCS). For user-generated content, validate file size on the client before sending.

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